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They often migrate relatively early, and hunters encounter good numbers of cackling geese in ag fields while hunting Canadas. Cackling geese breed in northern Canada and Alaska and winter throughout the United States, western Canada and northern Mexico. Biologists generally recognize four subspecies of cacklers: Taverner’s ( Branta hutchinsii taverneri), Richardson’s ( hutchinsii), Aleutian ( leucopareia) and cackling ( minima).

Cacklers resemble Canadas but are typically much smaller and differ somewhat in plumage. Special seasons, often held before standard seasons that coincide with the fall migration, have been enacted in many areas to reduce these populations.Ĭackling geese are the other notable North American dark geese. Numbers of resident (nonmigratory) Canada geese have increased tremendously in recent years, often inhabiting urban and suburban areas and sometimes creating conflicts with humans. Honkers typically start to migrate in late summer or early fall, but many hardy birds stay well into winter in Northern areas if open water and sufficient food remain. They typically congregate in family or extended family groups in early fall but often coalesce into large flocks during autumn and spring migrations. Honkers typically start to migrate in late summer or early fall, but many hardy birds stay well into winter in Northern areas if open water and sufficient food remain.Ĭanada geese have relatively small broods of two to eight goslings. Honkers also like greens, and they’ll feed extensively on grasses and mowed hay (alfalfa) fields. As larger grains higher in carbohydrates become available - corn and soybeans, for example - geese might switch to them before and during autumn migrations, and again in spring. Often, birds begin feeding on early-harvested small grains - such as oats, rye, wheat and barley - during late summer, after they’re finished with their annual molt. Their grain usage varies depending on regional agricultural and harvest patterns. Canadas nest across inland North America, and Ducks Unlimited’s website points out that subspecies nesting farther north are generally smaller, and those farther west are typically darker.Ĭanada geese are herbivores, feeding mainly on grasses, aquatic plants, soft mast and, especially during spring and fall migrations, waste grain.

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The subspecies vary considerably in size and markings, but all can easily be recognized as Canada geese, with both sexes having a black head and neck, and a broad white cheek patch that runs from their throats to the rear of their eyes. Biologists recognize seven subspecies of Canada geese: Atlantic ( canadensis), interior ( interior), Moffitt’s ( moffitti), Vancouver ( fulva), dusky ( occidentalis), lesser ( parvipes) and giant ( maxima).

These are probably the most widely distributed geese in North America, and the most common example is the Canada goose ( Branta canadensis), or honker (named for its distinctive call). Snapshots of North America’s Geese Dark Geese

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How to Shoot Geese: Wing-Shooting Basics for Big Birds.How to Decoy and Call In Geese: Skills That Put Birds on the Strap.Gear Up for Goose Hunting: Equipment You’ll Need to Succeed.When to Hunt Geese: Spring, Late Summer, Fall and Winter.Where to Goose Hunt: Find Birds in Fields and On Water.Learn the Goose Species: Snapshots of North America’s Geese.